The Legendary Site in Goa with an Unforgettable Story

In the heart of Old Goa stands a towering testament to both faith and history- the Sé Catedral de Santa Catarina or Se Cathedral. Revered for its grandeur and architectural brilliance, this iconic structure has become synonymous with Goa's rich Catholic heritage. Since 1952, it has been the sacred venue for the exposition of the relics of St. Francis Xavier, drawing pilgrims from across the globe. As part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Churches and Convents of Goa, Se Cathedral not only showcases the splendor of Portuguese-Manueline architecture but also serves as a living monument to the centuries-old legacy of Goa’s deep-rooted Catholic traditions.

Historical Significance and Foundation

The Se Cathedral was constructed to commemorate the Portuguese conquest of Goa in 1510 by Afonso de Albuquerque, who secured victory over Muslim forces on the feast day of Saint Catherine of Alexandria. In gratitude, the Portuguese dedicated the cathedral to St. Catherine, who became the patroness of the city. Governor George Cabral initiated plans to expand the church in 1552, commissioning a larger structure over an older foundation. Construction began in 1562 under King Dom Sebastião and concluded in 1619. The consecration ceremony of the church took place in 1640.

Architectural Grandeur

The Se Cathedral exemplifies the Portuguese-Manueline style of architecture, with its exterior marked by Tuscan elements and a Corinthian interior. The building is expansive, measuring approximately 250 feet in length and 181 feet in width, with its main frontispiece rising 115 feet high. Its unique asymmetrical façade is due to one of the original two towers collapsing in 1776—a feature that was never restored, giving the cathedral a distinct, slightly lopsided profile.

Inside, the cathedral’s layout follows a cruciform design, embellished with Corinthian columns and gilded woodwork. Among the most striking features is the main altar dedicated to St. Catherine. The altar is surrounded by six panels depicting scenes from the saint's life. Above the altar, a grand gilded reredos adds to the visual richness. On the right side of the altar, visitors can find the Chapel of the Cross of Miracles, associated with a vision of Christ in 1619, further enhancing the cathedral's spiritual aura.

The "Golden Bell" and Additional Treasures

The Se Cathedral is renowned for its Golden Bell, which is lauded for its exceptional tone and is reputed to be the largest in Goa and one of the finest worldwide. Additionally, the cathedral preserves a baptismal font dating back to 1532. The font was used by St. Francis Xavier to baptize thousands of people during his mission in Goa. Another artifact of historical interest is the Golden Rose, an ornamental blessing bestowed upon the cathedral in 1953 by Pope Pius XII as a mark of reverence.

Cultural and Religious Importance

The Se Cathedral remains a pilgrimage destination, especially during the exposition of the relics of St. Francis Xavier, which is held every 10 years. This event underscores the cultural importance of Se Cathedral, symbolizing both the historic Catholic influence in Goa and the devotion of the local and international Christian community.

With its impressive scale, intricate design, and rich historical significance, Se Cathedral stands as a remnant of Goa’s Portuguese heritage and as a vital landmark in Catholic history. It is not only a remarkable architectural achievement, but also a profound symbol of faith, culture, and resilience, deeply embedded in Goa’s spiritual and cultural landscape.

By Steve Antao